Publications.

Selected peer-reviewed papers, preprints, and conference presentations from the AIMHealth group, listed newest first.

Year All 2026 2025 2024 2023

2026

18 publications

AI scribe functions in psychiatric practice: clinical oversight, consent, and regulation

Roth, A. S., Ayers, N. B. The Lancet Psychiatry · 2026

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Responsible and innovative AI for mental health care: five priority themes

Paulus, M. P., Torous, J., Perlis, R. H., Sarma, K. V., Ajilore, O., Khalsa, S. S., Rodriguez, C. I. NPP Digital Psychiatry and Neuroscience · 2026

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Simulated Reasoning and Self-Verification for Psychiatric Diagnosis in Generalist Large Language Models: Comparative Evaluation

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Halls, A. J. M., Becker, D. F., Glowinski, A. L., Krystal, A. D. JMIR AI · 2026

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Implicit Gender, Racial, and Ethnic Biases in Large Language Models: An Audit Study of Automated Psychiatric Diagnoses

Pendse, S. R., Jain, M., Kumar, N., De Choudhury, M. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health · 2026

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Future Directions in the Evaluation of Forensic Cases Involving Artificial Intelligence "Chatbots"

Simpson, J. R., Pierre, J. M. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law · 2026

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Use of the Dynamic Systems Development Method to Inform Technology-Assisted Motivational Interviewing (TAMI) for Tobacco Cessation: Qualitative Study

Borsari, B., Delacruz, J., Saiyed, A., Layton, J., Llanes, K. D., Mirzadegan, I. A., Cheng, J., Hargrave-Bouagnon, A. S., Meacham, M. C., Catley, D., Satterfield, J. JMIR Formative Research · 2026

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Leveraging Multimodal Self-Consistency Reasoning in Coding Motivational Interviewing for Alcohol Use Reduction

Han, G., Murphy, J. G., Ladd, B. O., Huang, X., Borsari, B. Military Medicine · 2026

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An Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Umbrella Review of Eating Disorder Meta-Analyses (2020–2025): Mapping Treatment Efficacy, Comorbidity, and Persistent Gaps in Sample Diversity

Lloyd, E. C., Del Sol Calderon, P., Morales, C., Lee, E., Maharajh, S., Moorman, B., Le Grange, D., Hagan, K., Gorrell, S. Nutrients · 2026

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Agentic AI for scaling diagnosis and care in neurodegenerative disease

Breithaupt, A. G., Weiner, M., Tang, A., Possin, K. L., Sirota, M., Lah, J., Levey, A. I., Van Hentenryck, P., Zandehshahvar, R., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., Giorgio, J., Wang, J., Rauschecker, A. M., Rosen, H. J., Nosheny, R. L., Miller, B. L., Pinheiro-Chagas, P. Nature Aging · 2026

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Review of Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Use in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

Breithaupt, A. G., Tang, A., Paolillo, E. W., Bibars, M., Johnson, E. C. B., Saloner, R., Possin, K. L., Windon, C. C., Hill-Jarrett, T. G., Giorgio, J., Rauschecker, A. M., Kwon, H., Vonk, J. M. J., Pinheiro-Chagas, P. Seminars in Neurology · 2026

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BCGNet: an AI model trained on 600K hours of sleep data for a novel under-pillow contactless monitoring device

Chen, S., Chen, X., Huang, W., Lei, F., Shan, C., Jin, Z., Shi, Y., Wang, Y., Zhao, R., Xu, X., Lv, D., Li, Y., Pan, S., Chiang, A., Westover, M. B., Hong, S., Zhang, C., Yin, S., Liu, C. F., Yi, H., Tang, X., Leng, Y. NPJ Digital Medicine · 2026

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Brain Health from Sleep EEG: A Multicohort, Deep Learning Biomarker for Cognition, Disease, and Mortality

Ganglberger, W., Sun, H., Turley, N., Tripathi, A., Hadar, P., Gupta, A., Gallagher, K., Tesh, R., Kim, S., Nasiri, S., Leng, Y., Harrison, S., Stone, K. L., Hughes, T., Redline, S., Au, R., Manoach, D. S., Landolt, H. P., Huber, R., Mignot, E., Shin, C., Cash, S. S., Thomas, R. J., Westover, M. B. NEJM AI · 2026

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Machine Learning-Based Sleep Electroencephalographic Brain Age Index and Dementia Risk: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis

Sun, H., Milton, S., Fang, Y., Taha, H. B., Shiju, S., Thomas, R. J., Ganglberger, W., Pase, M. P., Hughes, T., Purcell, S., Redline, S., Stone, K. L., Yaffe, K., Westover, M. B., Leng, Y. JAMA Network Open · 2026

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A Physiology-Informed Deep Learning Approach for Sleep-EEG Brain Age Estimation

Fan, J., Sun, H., Leng, Y., Li, X., Stone, K., Xiao, Q., Zhang, G. Q., Cui, L. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · 2026

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Developing interactive learning interfaces for teaching AI in health professions education using generative AI tools

Washington, P., Muniyappa, A., Liang, C., Hanmandla, K. R., Shah, H., Martin, P., Kadakia, R., Burke, C., Van Schaik, S., Boscardin, C. NPJ Digital Medicine · 2026

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RobustPDx: A Structured Web-Based Parkinson's Assessment Dataset and Benchmark for AI Robustness to Device Type and Handedness

Tumpa, Z. N., Zawad, M. R. S., Sollis, L., Parab, S., Azizian, P., Honarmand, M., Kargarandehkordi, A., Tarrit, K., Abbasi-Asl, R., Bove, R., Wall, D. P., Washington, P. Scientific Data · 2026

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Interpretable Machine Learning for Predicting Early Onset Hypertension in the US

Wu, L. W., Kim, K., Washington, P., Park, C. Preventing Chronic Disease · 2026

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Barriers to Designing Inclusive Ecological Momentary Assessment and Wearable Data Collection Protocols for AI-Driven Substance Use Monitoring in Hawai'i

Sun, Y., Jaiswal, A., Kargarandehkordi, A., Slade, C., Benzo, R. M., Phillips, K. T., Washington, P. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing · 2026

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2025

24 publications

Integrating Expert Knowledge into Large Language Models Improves Performance for Psychiatric Reasoning and Diagnosis

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Halls, A. J. M., Krystal, A., Becker, D. F., Glowinski, A. L., Butte, A. J. Psychiatry Research · 2025

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Competence or confidence? Assessing the accuracy, reliability, and confidence of large language models in psychiatry

Hanss, K. E., Sarma, K. V., Glowinski, A. L., Krystal, A., Saunders, R., Halls, A. J. M., Gorrell, S., Reilly, E. JMIR · 2025

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Quantifying device type and handedness biases in a remote Parkinson's disease AI-powered assessment

Tumpa, Z. N., Zawad, M. R. S., Sollis, L., Parab, S., Chen, I. Y., Washington, P. NPJ Digital Medicine · 2025

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"You're Not Crazy": A Case of New Onset AI-Associated Psychosis

Pierre, J. M., Gaeta, B., Raghavan, G., Sarma, K. V. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience · 2025

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Can AI chatbots validate delusional thinking?

Pierre, J. M. BMJ · 2025

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Aiding Large Language Models Using Clinical Scoresheets for Neurobehavioral Diagnostic Classification From Text: Algorithm Development and Validation

Lin, K., Rasool, A., Surabhi, S., Mutlu, C., Zhang, H., Wall, D. P., Washington, P. JMIR AI · 2025

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Multimodal LLM vs. Human-Measured Features for AI Predictions of Autism in Home Videos

Azizian, P., Honarmand, M., Jaiswal, A., Kline, A., Dunlap, K., Washington, P., Wall, D. P. Algorithms · 2025

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Compact subsets of autism screening items predict clinical diagnoses with a machine learning analysis of the QCHAT-10

Sollis, L. J., Wall, D. P., Washington, P. Scientific Reports · 2025

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Personalization of AI Using Personal Foundation Models Can Lead to More Precise Digital Therapeutics

Washington, P. JMIR AI · 2025

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Fusing Wearable Biosensors with Artificial Intelligence for Mental Health Monitoring: A Systematic Review

Kargarandehkordi, A., Li, S., Lin, K., Phillips, K. T., Benzo, R. M., Washington, P. Biosensors · 2025

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Obstructive sleep apnea detection and prevalence in men and women using a continuous large U.S. sample by home under-mattress devices

Wanchaitanawong, J., Cotton-Clay, A., Baron, S., Fava, L., Easwar, V., Kinsolving, A., Zitser, J., Leng, Y., Kahn, P., Kushida, C. Sleep Medicine · 2025

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Multidimensional sleep profiles via machine learning and risk of dementia and cardiovascular disease

Cavaillès, C., Wallace, M., Leng, Y., Stone, K. L., Ancoli-Israel, S., Yaffe, K. Communications Medicine · 2025

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Continuous sleep depth index annotation with deep learning yields novel digital biomarkers for sleep health

Zhou, S., Song, G., Sun, H., Zhang, D., Leng, Y., Westover, M. B., Hong, S. NPJ Digital Medicine · 2025

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Sleep Temporal Entropy as a Novel Digital Biomarker of Sleep Fragmentation for Cardiometabolic and Mortality Risk

Leng, Y., Chen, J., Cavaillès, C., Sun, H., Zhao, H., Gao, Y., Xie, D., Chen, X., Huang, W., Stone, K., Yi, H., Hong, S., Gao, S. Research Square [Preprint] · 2025

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Protocol for a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a technology-assisted motivational interviewing (TAMI) chatbot on smoking cessation

Borsari, B., Meacham, M. C., Saiyed, A., Kanzaveli, T., Tsvetovat, M., Cheng, J., Hargrave-Bouagnon, A. S., Mirzadegan, I. A., Omeragic, F., Layton, J., Satterfield, J. Contemporary Clinical Trials · 2025

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Individualized functional brain mapping machine learning prediction of symptom-change resulting from selective kappa-opioid antagonism in an anhedonic sample from a Fast-Fail trial

Sacchet, M. D., Valenti, J. L., Keshava, P., Walsh, S. W., Smoski, M. J., Krystal, A. D., Pizzagalli, D. A. Journal of Mood and Anxiety Disorders · 2025

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Characterizing Dementia Phenotypes from Unstructured EHR Notes with Generative AI and Interpretable Machine Learning

Tang, A. S., Zeng, B. Z. D., Rankin, K. P., Miller, B., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., Seeley, W. W., Rosen, H. J., Rabinovici, G. D., Oskotsky, T. T., Sirota, M., Pinheiro-Chagas, P. medRxiv · 2025

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Agentic Generative Artificial Intelligence System for Classification of Pathology-Confirmed Primary Progressive Aphasia Variants

Gallingani, C., Miller, Z. A., Mandelli, M. L., Rosen, H. J., Ezzes, Z., Lin, M., Rodriguez, D., Seeley, W. W., Miller, B., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., Pinheiro-Chagas, P. medRxiv · 2025

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When Testing AI Tests Us: Safeguarding Mental Health on the Digital Frontlines

Pendse, S. R., Gergle, D., Kornfield, R., Meyerhoff, J., Mohr, D., Suh, J., Wescott, A., Williams, C., Schleider, J. ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT) · 2025

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The Typing Cure: Experiences with Large Language Model Chatbots for Mental Health Support

Song, I., Pendse, S. R., Kumar, N., De Choudhury, M. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (PACM HCI), CSCW · 2025

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The Role of Partisan Culture in Mental Health Language Online

Pendse, S. R., Rochford, B., Kumar, N., De Choudhury, M. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (PACM HCI), CSCW · 2025

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Leveraging Large Language Models to Code Content Fidelity in Virtual School-Based Behavioral Parent Training

Langfus J, Hanss K, Chung S, Nili A, Haack L, Pfiffner L. International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Biennial Meeting · 2025

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Dr. AI Will See You Now: The Opportunities, Challenges, and Risks of ChatGPT, Gemini, and Other Large Language Models in Psychiatry

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Galatzer-Levy, I. R., Tolou-Shams, M. APA Annual Meeting · 2025

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The Robo-Doctor is Always In: Assessing and Comparing the Psychiatric Diagnostic Capabilities of ChatGPT and other Large Language Models

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Glowinski, A. L., Krystal, A., Halls, A. J. M., Butte, A. J. APA Annual Meeting · 2025

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2024

17 publications

Can Artificial Intelligence Make the Diagnosis? Evaluating the Accuracy of Large Language Models in Diagnosing Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinical Cases

Hanss, K., Sarma, K. V., Halls, A., Gorrell, S., Reilly, E. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · 2024

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Rethinking technology innovation for mental health: framework for multi-sectoral collaboration

Suh, J., Pendse, S. R., Lewis, R., Howe, E., Saha, K., Okoli, E., Amores, J., Ramos, G., Shen, J., Borghouts, J., Sharma, A., Pedrelli, P., Friedman, L., Jackman, C., Benhalim, Y., Ong, D. C., Segal, S., Althoff, T., Czerwinski, M. Nature Mental Health · 2024

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Missed Opportunities for Human-Centered AI Research: Understanding Stakeholder Collaboration in Mental Health AI Research

Yoo, D. W., Woo, H., Pendse, S. R., Lu, N. Y., Birnbaum, M. L., Abowd, G. D., De Choudhury, M. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · 2024

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Advancing a consent-forward paradigm for digital mental health data

Pendse, S. R., Stapleton, L., Kumar, N., De Choudhury, M., Chancellor, S. Nature Mental Health · 2024

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Quantifying the Pollan Effect: Investigating the Impact of Emerging Psychiatric Interventions on Online Mental Health Discourse

Pendse, S. R., Kumar, N., De Choudhury, M. Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · 2024

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Towards Inclusive Futures for Worker Wellbeing

Pendse, S. R., Massachi, T., Mahdavimoghaddam, J., Butler, J., Suh, J., Czerwinski, M. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (PACM HCI), CSCW · 2024

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Challenges in the Differential Classification of Individual Diagnoses from Co-Occurring Autism and ADHD Using Survey Data

Jaiswal, A., Wall, D. P., Washington, P. IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Health Informatics · 2024

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Ethics of the Use of Social Media as Training Data for AI Models Used for Digital Phenotyping

Jaiswal, A., Shah, A., Harjadi, C., Windgassen, E., Washington, P. JMIR Formative Research · 2024

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Using #ActuallyAutistic on Twitter for Precision Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Machine Learning Study

Jaiswal, A., Washington, P. JMIR Formative Research · 2024

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Digitally Diagnosing Multiple Developmental Delays Using Crowdsourcing Fused With Machine Learning

Washington, P. JMIR Research Protocols · 2024

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A Comparison of Personalized and Generalized Approaches to Emotion Recognition Using Consumer Wearable Devices: Machine Learning Study

Li, J., Washington, P. JMIR AI · 2024

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Can Large Language Models Reason about Behavioral Health? Evaluating the Psychiatric Knowledge Base and Reasoning Capabilities of GPT-4

Sarma, K. V.*, Hanss, K. E.*, Glowinski, A. L., Butte, A. J., Halls, A. J. M. UCSF Health Services Research Symposium · 2024

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The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry: A Beginner's Exploration.

He, C. X, Sarma, K. V., Hu, R. APA Mental Health Services Conference · 2024

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Can Large Language Model-based AI Reason about Behavioral Health? Preliminary Evaluation of a Decision Tree-Based LLM Algorithm for Psychiatric Case Diagnosis

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Glowinski, A. L., Krystal, A., Halls, A. J. M., Butte, A. J. ACNP 63rd Annual Meeting · 2024

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Improving the Performance of LLM-Based Semi-Automated Psychiatric Case Diagnosis using Decision Tree-Based Prompting

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Glowinski, A. L., Butte, A. J., Halls, A. J. M. AMIA Annual Meeting · 2024

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AI vs. DSM -- Can It Make the Diagnosis? Measuring GPT-4's Psychiatric Knowledge and Reasoning

Sarma, K. V., Hanss, K. E., Elkin, D., Halls, A. UCSF School of Medicine Leadership Retreat · 2024

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Grading the Machine: Assessing ChatGPT's Psychiatric Knowledge through Boards-Style Assessment

Hanss, K. E.*, Sarma, K. V.*, Saunders, R., Elkin, D. APA Annual Meeting · 2024

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2023

1 publication

A Review of and Roadmap for Data Science and Machine Learning for the Neuropsychiatric Phenotype of Autism

Washington, P., Wall, D. P. Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science · 2023

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